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問:什麼是佛法的現法涅槃(見法涅槃)?阿羅漢都是處在見法涅槃嗎?
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◆經據:雜阿含經二八經:

(01)如是我聞:一時,佛住舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。

(02)爾時,有異比丘來詣佛所,頭面禮足,卻住一面,白佛言:「世尊!如世尊所說得見法涅槃,云何比丘得見法涅槃?」

(03)佛告比丘:「善哉!善哉!汝今欲知見法涅槃耶?」

(04)比丘白佛:「唯然,世尊!」

(05)佛告比丘:「諦聽!善思!當為汝說。」

(6a)佛告比丘:「於色生厭、離欲、滅盡,不起諸漏,心正解脫,是名比丘見法涅槃。

(6b)如是〔於〕受、想、行、識,生厭、離欲、滅盡,不起諸漏,心正解脫,是名比丘見法涅槃。」

(07)時彼比丘聞佛所說,踊躍歡喜,作禮而去。

◆論據:瑜伽師地論:

(1)果圓滿者,謂即由此〔法隨法行〕增上力故,心善解脫。又能證得現法涅槃,是名果圓滿。

(2)於現法中,如是諸行皆不流轉。不流轉故,於現法中住有餘依般涅槃界,名為「證得現法涅槃」。彼於爾時,識緣名色,名色緣識,有餘未滅,而得說名:清淨鮮白。乃至有識身住未滅,彼恆領受離繫諸受,無有繫縛。彼有識身乃至先業所引壽量,恆相續住。

(3)若有苾芻具淨尸羅,住別解脫清淨律儀,增上心學增上力故,得初靜慮近分所攝勝三摩地以為依止,增上慧學增上力故,得法住智及涅槃智。用此二智以為依止,先由四種圓滿,遠離受學轉時,令心解脫一切煩惱,得阿羅漢,成慧解脫。

◆小結:

由於阿羅漢必「於五蘊生厭、離欲、滅盡,不起諸漏,心正解脫」,可知「慧解脫阿羅漢」和「俱解脫阿羅漢」於有餘涅槃時,都是處在見法涅槃。

Posted on: 2006/8/13 16:20
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